1. Maintenance during run-in period
A new or overhauled tractor must be tested before it is put into use, also known as run - in. Its function is:
(1) after running in, can eliminate the uneven parts of the friction surface, improve the bearing capacity.
(2) Some parts of the tractor, in the manufacturing and assembly, although through strict quality inspection, there may still be some defects, through the test run, can be first found and eliminated.
(3) some tractor connectors and transmission parts, after load work will produce initial loosening or deformation, through the test run, can be timely fastening and adjustment, in order to ensure the normal role of these parts.
2. Maintenance during use
2.1 Shift maintenance
Shift maintenance is the driver each shift before or after parking maintenance.
(1) Timely removal of soil, dust and oil stains on the tractor.
(2) Check whether the connecting parts and fasteners are loose.
(3) Check whether diesel oil, oil, cooling water, brake fluid and hydraulic oil are sufficient, and if not, add them in time.
(4) Check the tire pressure before and after, and inflate it according to the provisions when it is insufficient.
(5) Check whether the tractor has air leakage, oil leakage, water leakage and other phenomena, such as "three leaks" should be excluded.
2.2 Primary technical maintenance
Is the tractor every 2000 to 2500 km of technical maintenance.
(1) Complete the maintenance of all shifts.
(2) Remove dust from the air filter.
(3) Check the electrolyte density and liquid level height in the battery, not enough to add in time. (4) Check the cylinder head and inlet and exhaust pipes for air leakage.
(5) Replace the engine cooling water, check the oil level in the gearbox and rear axle gear, and replenish it in time if it is not sufficient.
2.3 Secondary technical maintenance
It is the technical maintenance of the tractor every 8,000 to 10,000 km.
(1) Complete all the days specified by the primary maintenance.
(2) check and adjust the valve clearance, such as not within the specified range, timely adjustment.
(3) check the cylinder pressure, check the combustion chamber, such as carbon accumulation, timely removal.
(4) Remove the injector, check whether the injection pressure and atomization quality meet the requirements, if not, adjust in time.
(5) Check the tire tread, and change the wheel position of the whole car.
2.4 Tertiary technical maintenance
It is the technical maintenance of the tractor every 24 000 ~ 28 000 km.
(1) Complete the projects specified by secondary technical maintenance.
(2) clean the piston and piston ring, and measure the wear degree of the cylinder, such as serious wear, should be replaced in time.
(3) Dismantle the gearbox and check the wear degree of each part.
(4) Remove the radiator, remove sundries, oil scale and internal scale.
3. Other maintenance
3.1 Winter maintenance
(1) scrub all parts of the oil, protect the appearance of the parts clean, prevent rust, the tractor should be parked in a dry and ventilated warehouse.
(2) Adjust and lubricate all parts of the tractor so that the engine is in a good technical state.
(3) In winter, the temperature is low and the viscosity of fuel oil is high. In order to ensure the normal operation of the fuel supply system, the fuel oil and lubricating oil should be replaced with winter oil. The freezing point of diesel oil selected should generally be 5 ~ 10℃ lower than the local temperature, and it should be strictly filtered when refueling.
(4) before the engine starts, add 60 ~ 70℃ hot water into the cooling system to preheat the engine. The engine can only start when the temperature of the standby engine reaches 40℃. It is strictly prohibited to roast the engine with open fire and start the engine without cooling water. (5) After tractor operation, do not immediately release the cooling water. When the water temperature drops to 50℃, open the water release switch and release the cooling water.
3.2 Technical maintenance at high temperature
(1) The machine should be prevented from overheating. Due to the hot weather in summer, the fuselage temperature will be relatively high, usually, the working load of the summer tractor is about 90% of the rated, if the temperature is too high, do not let the machine continue to work, to stop unloading idling, machine temperature down to continue to work.
(2) Hot cars can not add cold water immediately. In summer, cooling water consumption is faster, so we should pay attention to check the water level at any time in work. When cooling water is insufficient, we should add clean soft water in time. In the locomotive operation, if the water tank boiling or need to add water, do not add cold water suddenly, in order to prevent cylinder cover and cylinder liner burst, should immediately stop the operation, wait for the water temperature drop, and then add clean soft water appropriately.
(3) The tire should be inflated reasonably. Inflation should not be too much, because the gas is heated and expanded in summer, if the inflation of the tire is not paid attention to, it will lead to tire explosion, so, the inflation pressure of the tire in high temperature season is better than 20% of the specified value.
3.3 Maintenance of tractor during idle period
(1) In principle, the tractor should be placed in the warehouse shed. If conditions do not allow, it can also be kept in the open air, but the site should not have water, and the parts that are easy to corrosion and wind erosion should be covered.
(2) When tractors are parked, a proper distance must be kept between each locomotive to facilitate inspection and maintenance and access.
(3) should be appropriate to improve the tire inflation pressure, regularly change the tire landing part, it is best to fragment the tractor frame ground, avoid the tire under the fuselage load.
(4) Fill the fuel tank with fuel, and drain the cooling water in the engine cylinder block and radiator.
(5) The tractor should be fully lubricated and maintained before long-term parking and storage.
