The basic structure of excavator is divided into: 1, chassis part; 2. Car body; 3. Working device part
Working device - boom, bucket rod, bucket, hydraulic cylinder, connecting rod, pin shaft, pipeline.
Car body parts -- engine, shock absorber, main pump, main valve, cab, slewing mechanism, slewing support, slewing joint, turntable, hydraulic oil tank, fuel tank, control oil circuit, electrical parts, counterweight.
Chassis part -- track frame, track, guide wheel, supporting wheel, supporting wheel, final drive, tensioning device.
Car body parts
Engine - the source of machine power, the heat generated by fuel combustion through the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism into mechanical energy.
Main pump - through the shock absorber and engine flywheel connected, flywheel output mechanical energy into high pressure oil flow, namely hydraulic energy.
Main valve -- the high-pressure oil output by the main pump is shunt according to the needs of the operation of the working device, so as to realize the different operations of the working device.
Slewing mechanism -- composed of slewing motor and slewing reducer, meshing with slewing support to complete the machine at any Angle of the slewing action.
Counterweight -- make the center of gravity of the machine close to the revolving center of the car body as far as possible, in order to ensure the dynamic stability of the car body, reduce the rotational resistance of the slewing support, and achieve fast and stable rotation.
Center rotary joint -- when the machine is rotating at any direction, the hydraulic oil flow from the upper body is continuously provided to the walking motor of the lower part of the car body through its internal rotary oil passage. Each oil passage in the rotary joint is separated by seals with good anti-wear performance and high pressure resistance.
Cab - equipped with control handles, electrical switches, monitoring panels, air conditioning and radio, etc., the seat can be adjusted according to the requirements of the operator.
Electrical control system -- compound control of main pump and engine to achieve power matching and fuel saving function, fast power enhancement function, operation mode selection, touch deceleration mode, automatic deceleration mode, walking speed selection, rotary brake function, automatic engine heating and overheating prevention function
Boom cylinder -- Two cylinders are mounted on both sides of the boom, and the mining height and depth of machine operation can be adjusted by their telescopic movement.
Bucket rod cylinder - installed on the upper arm, through its telescopic movement to achieve the bucket rod (forearm) before and after the action, bucket rod excavation or unloading operations.
Bucket cylinder - installed on the upper part of the bucket rod (forearm), through its telescopic movement to achieve bucket mining and unloading operations.
The whole working device in the process of operation needs to pass the compound action of each working device, in order to better realize the fast, time-saving, high-efficiency operation function.
Track frame (X frame) -- the main structure of the chassis part, which connects the four wheels of the walking part to support the car body smoothly and realize the walking of the machine.
Support wheel - supports the weight of the machine and distributes the weight evenly on the ground track.
Supporting wheel - supports the rotating upper track so that the whole track can rotate smoothly.
Track - distributes the weight of the machine on the ground and realizes the machine's walking through its own rotation; Increasing the contact area with the ground can reduce the specific grounding pressure, so that the machine can walk and work on the soft ground such as marshland; According to the need, the user can choose to widen the track board or lengthen the track.
Guide wheel -- connected with tightening oil cylinder, tightening spring, tightening track and make track tension appropriate; When the front part of the track is impacted by external force, the impact force is transmitted to the tensioning spring through the guide wheel to play a buffer role and prevent the track damage.
Final transmission, including walking motor and walking reduction mechanism, as the driving wheel to provide power for the machine to walk, the hydraulic energy through the walking motor into mechanical energy, through the gear reduction mechanism for deceleration, torque increase, by the sprocket drive track rotation to achieve machine walking
